Independent combined standard error calculator

Combine independent, uncorrelated standard errors by root-sum-square; other components are negligible in this two-component case. Correlated errors require covariance information.

\mathrm{SE}_{\text{total}} = \sqrt{\mathrm{SE}_{m}^{2} + \mathrm{SE}_{s}^{2}}

Calculator

Enter the values you know and leave one box empty. Calculate finds the empty one, the result or any input.

Worked example

Given

$\mathrm{SE}_{m}$ = 2,400 kWh
$\mathrm{SE}_{s}$ = 3,200 kWh

\mathrm{SE}_{\text{total}} = \sqrt{{2400}^{2} + {3200}^{2}} = 4{,}000

Symbols and units

Symbol	Meaning	Unit
$\mathrm{SE}_{\text{total}}$	combined standard error	kWh
$\mathrm{SE}_{m}$	measurement standard error	kWh
$\mathrm{SE}_{s}$	sampling standard error	kWh

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Results are estimates for study and screening. Check the inputs, units and assumptions before you use them for design, billing or contract decisions.